Gestion de la perte de poids wikipedia, Rééducation des troubles de la déglutition

History[ edit ] William Bantingpopularized one of the first weight loss diets in the 19th century. According to Foxcroft, the word diet comes from the Greek diaitawhich represents a notion of a whole way healthy lifestyle including both mental and physical health, rather than a narrow weight-loss regimen.

He himself was tremendously overweight and would constantly eat large quantities of rich food and drink. He began a meatless diet, taking only milk and vegetables, and soon regained his health. He began publicly recommending his diet for everyone suffering from obesity.

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Inhe wrote An Essay of Health and Long Life, in which he advises exercise and fresh air and avoiding luxury foods. It described the benefits of a meat diet for those suffering from diabetesbasing this recommendation on Matthew Dobson 's discovery of glycosuria in diabetes mellitus.

Inhe wrote a booklet called Letter on Corpulence, Addressed to the Public, which contained the particular plan for the diet he had successfully followed. His own diet was four meals per day, consisting of meat, greens, fruits, and dry wine.

The emphasis was on avoiding sugar, sweet foods, starch, beer, milk and butter.

Banting's pamphlet was popular for years to come, and would be used as a model for modern diets. Some people follow a diet to gain weight usually in the form of muscle.

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Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight and improve health. Main article: Low-fat diet Low-fat diets involve the reduction of the percentage of fat in one's diet. Calorie consumption is reduced because less fat is consumed. Low-carbohydrate diets are sometimes ketogenic i.

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The diet based around this research is called the Low GI diet. Low glycemic index foods, such as lentils, provide a slower, more consistent source of glucose to the bloodstream, thereby stimulating less insulin release than high glycemic index foods, such as white bread.

One of the most commonly used low-calorie diets is Weight Watchers. The National Institutes of Health reviewed 34 randomized controlled trials to determine the effectiveness of low-calorie diets. These caloric intake values vary depending on additional factors, such as age and weight. They subject the body to starvation and produce an average loss of 1. These is some evidence that these diets results in considerable weight loss.

People attempting these diets must be monitored closely by a physician to prevent complications. Crash dieting can produce weight loss but without professional supervision all along, the extreme reduction in calories and potential unbalance in the diet's composition can lead to detrimental effects, including sudden death.

In dieting, long term periodic fasting is not recommended, instead, having small portions of food after small intervals is encouraged.

Lengthy fasting can also be dangerous due to the risk of malnutrition and should be carried out only under medical supervision. Once glycogen is depleted the body begins to fuel the brain using ketones, while also gestion de la perte de poids wikipedia body protein including but not limited to skeletal muscle to be used to synthesize sugars for use as energy by the rest of the body. Most experts believe that a prolonged fast can lead to muscle wasting, although some dispute this.

The use of short-term fasting, or various forms of intermittent fastinghave been used as a form of dieting to circumvent the issues of long fasting. Main article: Detox diet Detox diets are promoted with unsubstantiated claims that they can eliminate "toxins" from the human body.

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Many of these diets use herbs or celery and other juicy low- calorie vegetables. See also: Environmental vegetarianism Another kind of diet focuses not on the dieter's health effects, but on its environment. The One Blue Dot plan of the BDA [36] offers recommendations towards reducing diets' environmental impacts, by: Reducing meat to 70g per person per day.

Prioritising plant proteins. Promoting fish from sustainable sources.

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Moderate dairy consumption. Focusing on wholegrain starchy foods. Promoting seasonal locally sourced fruits and vegetables. Reducing high fat, sugar and salty foods overconsumption. Effectiveness[ edit ] Several diets are effective for weight loss of obese individuals, [2] [4] with diet success most predicted by adherence and little perdre du poids après la maternité resulting from the type or brand of diet.

A major challenge regarding weight loss and gestion de la perte de poids wikipedia relates to compliance.

Suppressed thermogenesis accelerates weight regain once the diet stops, unless that phase is accompanied by a well-timed exercise intervention, as described by the Summermatter cycle. The first source to which the body turns is glycogen by glycogenolysis. It is created from the excess of ingested macronutrientsmainly carbohydrates.

When glycogen is nearly depleted, the body begins lipolysisthe mobilization and catabolism of fat stores for energy. In this process fats, obtained from adipose tissue, or fat cellsare broken down into glycerol gestion de la perte de poids wikipedia fatty acidswhich can be used to generate energy.

This theory was quickly adopted and used to explain failures in developing effective and sustained weight loss procedures. A systematic review of multiple weight change procedures, including alternate day fasting and time-restricted feeding but also exercise and overeating, found systematic "energetic errors" for all these procedures.

This review was conducted on short-term studies, therefore such a mechanism cannot be excluded in the long term, as evidence is currently lacking on this timeframe. Recent evidence suggest that new scheduling strategies, such as intermittent fasting or skipping meals, and strategically placed snacks before meals, may be recommendable to reduce cardiovascular risks as part of a broader lifestyle and dietary change.

Pour la première fois dans l' évolution humainele nombre d'adultes en surcharge pondérale a dépassé celui des personnes dont le poids est insuffisant [5]. Cette section est vide, insuffisamment détaillée ou incomplète. Votre aide est la bienvenue!

References given in main article. Society[ edit ] It is estimated that about 1 out of 3 Americans is dieting at any given time.

Approximately sixty billion dollars are spent every year in the USA on diet products, including "diet foods," such as light sodas, gym memberships or specific regimes. The typical dieter attempts 4 tries per year. The former include Weight Watchers and Peertrainer.

These organizations' customs and practices differ widely. Some groups are modelled on twelve-step programswhile others are quite informal.

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• Même si faire ce genre de choses ne suffira pas forcément à vous faire perdre du poids, ce sont de petites astuces utiles qui peuvent vous garder sur la bonne voie.
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Some groups advocate certain prepared foods or special menus, while others train dieters to make healthy choices from restaurant menus and while grocery-shopping and cooking.